FAQ

What is Addiction (Substance Use Disorder)?

Addiction, clinically referred to as Substance Use Disorder (SUD), is a complex and chronic medical condition recognized by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). It involves the compulsive use of substances despite harmful consequences to health, relationships, and responsibilities.

According to the DSM-5, a person may be diagnosed with a Substance Use Disorder when they exhibit at least two or more of the following criteria within a 12-month period:

• Using larger amounts or over a longer period than intended

• Persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control use

• Spending significant time obtaining, using, or recovering from substance use

• Craving or strong desire to use the substance

• Failing to fulfill obligations at work, school, or home

• Continued use despite recurring social or interpersonal problems

• Giving up important activities due to substance use

• Recurrent use in physically hazardous situations

• Continued use despite knowledge of physical or psychological problems caused or worsened by the substance

• Tolerance (needing more of the substance to achieve the same effect)

• Withdrawal symptoms when substance use is reduced or stopped

• The severity of the disorder—mild, moderate, or severe—is determined by the number of criteria met.

• Substance Use Disorder affects brain function and behaviour. It is treatable, and recovery is possible with the right combination of therapy, medical support, and long-term recovery care.